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Man sao is the searching hand. It serves as front line to take the first attacks of the opponent. The typical ving tsun guard position is man sao...

Jum sao

What we describe as jum sao is the sinking elbow. This minimal move protects the under part of the upper body like belly and liver.

Fook sao

The fook sao is the forward controlling hand. Its appearance reminds a praying mantis.

Tan sao

The tan sao is described as a palm up hand. It is an attacking hand oriented forward.